Хирургия катаракты у детей с врожденной аниридией

Abstract

Purpose. Analysis of clinical and functional results of cataract surgery in children with congenital aniridia. Material and methods. Retrospective analysis of treatment results of 46 children and adolescents up to 18 years (92 eyes), whose average age was 6.2±5 years. In the postoperative period, the dynamics of visual functions, the state of the corneal surface and changes in intraocular pressure were assessed. Results. The average age of surgical interventions for lens opacities was 14±3 years. The improvement in visometry data, observed in the first years after the removal of lens opacity, decreased 4 years after surgery, and visual acuity indices did not significantly differ from preoperative values (p=0.07). Regardless of the method of correcting postoperative aphakia, cataract surgery in children was associated with the risks of progression of keratopathy (45%), development of secondary glaucoma (15%) and retinal detachment (10%). In 70% of cases, regardless of the choice of the method of intraocular correction, the debut of the glaucomatous process occurred on average 13.7±5.25 years after cataract surgery. Conclusion. Cataract surgery is not a routine procedure and carries postoperative risks associated with the features of the aniridic eye (development of keratopathy, secondary glaucoma, aniridic fibrosis syndrome), which worsen the long-term functional results of surgery. Key words: congenital cataract, aniridia, keratopathy.