Влияние стимуляторов роста на продуктивность зерновой кукурузы

Abstract

One of the most effective ways to increase grain yield per hectare is the introduction of corn for grain into the grain crop rotation, since corn is a high-yielding crop and a good precursor for spring breads, as well as a soil fertility restorer and a drought-resistant plant. Therefore, the introduction of new cultivation technologies and modern hybrids of grain corn is of great relevance at the present time. The purpose of our research was to optimize the use of growth stimulants in the cultivation of various hybrids of grain corn in the northern zone of the Krasnodar Territory. Field experiments were conducted in the production conditions of Zarya LLC in the Krylovsky district of the Krasnodar Territory in 2023 and 2024. In field experiments, three corn hybrids were used as research objects: KSS 5291, P 8834 and GS 370. In the field experiment, the scheme included options for studying the effect of pre-sowing treatment of seeds and leafy top dressing with growth stimulants on the growth, development and yield of corn. The largest root mass of grain corn was formed in the GS-370 hybrid on plots with a growth stimulant Energy M and amounted to 3,874 t/ha, which turned out to be 692 kg/ha, or 22% more than the minimum value. The maximum dry biomass in the experiment was observed in the GS-370 hybrid on plots using the growth stimulator Energy M and was 10.948 t/ha, that is, by 2.291 t/ha or 26% more than the minimum value. The maximum net photosynthesis productivity (BPF) of corn was formed in hybrid P 8834 on plots without the use of growth stimulants and was equal to 4,616 g/m2 day, that is, by 413 g/m2 day or 9.8% more than the minimum value. The highest economic yield was formed in the GS-370 hybrid, ranging from 7.08 t/ha on plots without the use of growth stimulants to 7.84 t/ha on variants using pre-sowing seed treatment and two leaf fertilizing with the Energia M stimulant.