Мінімізація ризиків як інструмент забезпечення безпеки банку

Abstract

Introduction. The banking system of Ukraine, in the conditions of the current crisis, turned out to be untenable to quickly adapt to structural changes in the economy, which manifested itself in the absence of an effective system for managing banking risks. Further instability in the financial market will increase the negative impact on the level of financial security of the banking sector. Today there is a need for the formation of preventive measures for risk management, prevention of their occurrence and minimization, which will contribute to the safe position of the bank. Purpose. The main purpose of the study is to identify modern methods and approaches regarding the classification of banking risks and substantiation of proposals for their minimization, as well as ensuring the financial security of the banking sector in Ukraine. The main research methods are methods of quantitative, qualitative analysis and statistical analysis, as well as methods of expert assessments. Results. Summarizing the results of research by scientists, it was stated that banking risk is the likelihood of losses in the form of loss of assets, shortfall in planned income, or the appearance of additional costs as a result of the bank’s financial transactions. The main results of the banking system of Ukraine in 2019 and the dynamics for 7 months of 2020 are determined. Despite the positive trends of 2019, there is a risk of new problem loans due to non-conservative policy of banks in the growing segment of consumer lending. Modern practice shows that any credit product of a bank leads to the formation of a certain credit risk, and until the client returns the received resources, the bank is forced to form reserves for possible losses from non-repayment of funds. Conclusions. Сonclusions are drawn regarding the credit risk management tools. Based on the results of the study, the author’s approach to the classification of risks and reasonable approaches to their management are presented. In particular, it has been proved that during the formation of risk management tools, namely credit risk, and ensuring the bank’s security, it is necessary to take into account that risk assessment indicators should consider not only the ratio between assets and liabilities, but also their maturity dates.