Аналітичні методи дослідження якості ринку праці України

Abstract

In the context of diversification of characteristics and conditions of employment, qualitative parameters of labor market development are recognized by international organizations as a priority, which is reflected in numerous conceptions (for example, decent work) and methodological approaches – both scientific and institutional (research on the quality of work, quality of employment). Quality assessment is based on analytical approaches, the implementation of which in Ukraine faces a number of difficulties: lack of information support, no uniform approaches to assessment, insufficient methodical elaboration of a complex category of quality within the framework of qualiology and qualimetry. To overcome these gaps in the study, it is proposed to apply factor analysis (main components, with the rotation of solutions of factors), while using the information obtained as a result of processing microdata files of surveys on the labor force of the regions of Ukraine. The inclusion of qualitative features of the labor market development (gender parity, opportunities to combine work and family responsibilities, guarantees of formal employment, decent wages and acceptable working hours, in particular for persons with a high level of education, and others) in the factor analysis allows to identify problem processes that have the greatest impact on the formation of the quality of the labor market. The results of the calculations indicate the decisive influence of the existing deprivations on the formation of the quality of the labor market in Ukraine. The deprivations refer to compliance with decent wages and the existence of informal employment, including among people with higher education, opportunities for economic activity, as well as gender restrictions in the labor market. The problem of acceptable working hours, in particular for married women, is also significant. Such results should be taken into account when developing a policy of labor market regulation in the context of Ukraine’s post-war recovery, aimed at forming a qualitative maturity of the labor market.