Закордонний досвід стимулювання та вирівнювання регіонального розвитку

Abstract

decades. The need to effectively build relations with the regions, which is facing not only national governments but also the supranational institutions created by them, was noted.It is determined that regional issues require a comprehensive study, given that the experience of such interactions can be used to some extent in Ukraine. Purpose. The purpose of the article is to study the foreign experience of stimulating and equalizing regional development, the role of integration processes in the formation of regional science,identified the main forms of interregional cooperation within the EU, namely the association “Euroregion”, working communities and interregional organizations and identified the main problems that arise in improving the management system of regions in the context of equalization of their development. Results. This research showsthat the relevance of regional issues (as well as the degree of activity of the regions) is different in the EU member states, the contribution of the regions of different countries to the development of regional movement is asymmetric.It was noted that the initiation of structural policy and EU funding has given impetus to the economic development of the regions, strengthening their financial position.This paper researched the main forms of interregional cooperation within the EU - associations such as “Euroregion”, working communities and interregional organizations, identified their main differences.It has been proven that interregional associations of various types contribute to the creation of consolidated interest and its promotion among national governments and supranational institutions of the EU. It is determined that in their development the organizations of interregional cooperation are guided by two strategies - firstly, it is investment in the development of skills of members, which will later bring dividends in the form of additional profits, and secondly - the impact on institutions in order to change the existing rules of the game in the European economic arena. The basic principles of activity of regional associations are defined. The change of mechanisms of realization of EU regional policy is noted, namely transition to regionalization of management and transfer of functions and resources to the lowest territorial level of management.The most important directions of modern regional policy of developed countries aimed at modernization of the economy are considered. Conclusions. This research shows that the role of regions in the political system of Europe has increased significantly in recent years.Considering the role of regions in cooperation with all decision-making bodies (both national and supranational), we can conclude that the regions have taken their own niche in the political system of the European Union, which resulted in the emergence of a new theoretical approach that characterizes the system of government in the EU – «multilevel governance».The paper identifies the conditions under which Ukraine can use the European experience of regional development.