ПРИЕМОВ ВОЗДЕЛЫВАНИЯ В УСЛОВИЯХ ЛЕСОСТЕПНОЙ ЗОНЫ ПОВОЛЖЬЯ

Abstract

The article presents the results of evaluating the productivity of corn hybrids for grain with different vegetation periods, depending on the method of protecting plants from contamination and the level of mineral nutrition on leached сhernozem of the Volga forest-steppe zone. Studies conducted during 2017- 2019 showed that the early-maturing hybrids of Gitago maize FAO 200 and the phenomenon of FAO 220 fully realized their potential and provided yield of 8.31 and 8.55 t / ha of grain. These hybrids are characterized by a higher collection of raw protein, the output of exchange energy and feed units in comparison with the hybrids Talisman FAO 180 and Novatop FAO 240. Systems of crop protection from weeds had an impact on both the yield and productivity of corn, which is explained by the different effectiveness of inter-row processing and herbicide in protecting plants from weeds. Thus, when inter-row processing was used, the number of weeds in hybrids averaged 8.4 PCs/m2 , while when applying herbicide, it decreased to 5.1 pcs/m2 , a similar pattern was found when assessing the air-dry mass of weeds, which was 65, 2 g/m2 and 27.5 g / m2 , respectively. On average, the corn grain yield in hybrids increased by 0.92 t/ha when applying herbicide compared to mechanical tillage. The use of leaf fertilizing during the growing season with Izagri Azot and Izagri Zn preparations led to an increase in the yield of corn hybrids: Talisman by 0.57 t/ha, Gitago by 0.48, Phenomenon by 0.81 and Novotop by 0.44 t/ha of grain, as well as an increase in protein collection, exchange energy and feed units when using leaf fertilizing