Abstract
The study aims to determine how the reactivity of the autonomic nervous system contributes to the body’s multidrug resistance to adverse environmental effects. Volunteers were subjected to hypoxia simulation in an altitude chamber at 4 500 m and hyperthermia simulation by being exposed to a heating microclimate (40°, humidity 60–70 %). A spectral analysis of heart rhythm was used during a 5-minute continuous ECG recording to assess the characteristics of autonomic regulation. Regular changes in the frequencies and amplitudes of the leading peaks of the Fourier analysis of heart rate variability were revealed, indicating a rapid onset of the activity of the diencephalic centers of autonomic regulation and endocrine peripheral influences under adverse environmental conditions. The activity of parasympathetic regulation centers either was reduced or did not show significant dynamics. The study detected correlations between changes in the parameters of the spectral analysis of the heart rhythm and the main indicators of the state of the central nervous system, emodynamics, and pulmonary ventilation in healthy volunteers exposed to hypoxia or hyperthermia. Thus, it is possible to consider the reactivity of autonomic regulation as a modifying factor in the body’s resistance to extreme effects.
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