Abstract
Purpose: The early churches such as tabernacle, temple and synagogue had played a important role to form space concepts of western churches. Tabernacle and temple were designed with vertical axis which consisted of sanctuary, sanctum, outdoor yard. Synagogue was designed pew of congregation around pulpit to give a sermon. The aim of this paper is to analyze spatial principles of churches designed with vertical axis and centralized plan. Method: The concept of vertical axis plan succeeded to Basilica, Romanesque and Gothic churches, and the concept of centralized plan succeeded to Byzantine and Renaissance churches. Therefore, this paper analyzed spatial characteristics and role of light in churches according to epoch, and was progressed by examining the existing researches and case studies. Result: The churches designed with vertical axis plan realized spatial composition to show the concept of domus dei, and worship space was illuminated with mysterious light. The churches designed with centralized plan realized spatial composition to show the concept of domus ecclesiae, and light created dramatic holiness in worship space.
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