Образ автора в повести С. Довлатова «Заповедник»

Abstract

The article is devoted to the description of the image of the author / the main subject of speech of the story “Reserve” as the central figure of the autobiographical narrative. The main direction of the research is the subjective organization of the story, which is closely connected with the chronotopic structure in the autobiographical narrative. The chronotope of the “Reserve”, according to the typology of M.M. Bakhtin, is the chronotope of the threshold, the autobiographical hero is faced with the need to make a fateful step, decide whether to stay in the country or emigrate. In the article, the subject of research is one of the aspect of the existence of the author-narrator is the spiritual sphere. It is noted that, trying to understand his problems (“money, wife, creativity and the state”), the hero never argues with himself (his opponents are always outside), although he can condemn himself for actions in the past. The semantic multiplicity of the “I” (the hero in the past / in the present), characteristic of the autobiographical narrative, increases due to the different attitude to the “threshold” (declared by the author or revealed by the interpreter): “I”, exposing itself, its “lazy, carefree life”; “I” is active, changing, capable of a decisive step — overcoming the threshold; “I” is a person who has not changed, whom, however, the next wave of life has carried over the “threshold”.