Свойства и грамматическая репрезентация эпизодичности (временной локализованности)

Abstract

Volkmar Lehmann: Properties and the Grammatical Reconstruction of EpisodicityThe paper considers episodicity as an essentially pragmatic meaning potential of verbs, as the main procedure to generate temporal coherence. Episodicity is not directly opposed to genericity (which is a property of noun phrases). Its subcategories are episodic and nonepisodic (characterising) situations, in Slavonic linguistics often called temporal (non)localisation or temporal (in)definiteness. A situation is defined as episodic if its corresponding time interval is closed and if it is localised in a closed interval together with the interval of the reference time, which itself is also a closed interval. The reference time can be either deictic (speech time), narrative (the time of processing the non-deictic verb situation), or omnitemporal (any time interval; this kind of a reference time is not addressed in the paper). By default, the intervals which correspond to perfective verbs are closed and are localised together with the reference interval in a closed interval, i.e., they are episodic by default. The progressive function of imperfective verbs by default entails episodic localisation, since an internal, closed interval (a phase) of the process denoted is profiled and coincides with the reference interval. As the episodic function of these verb forms is a default function, it can be overridden by a nonepisodic, e.g. habitual context.