ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ ИНСТРУМЕНТАЛЬНЫХ МЕТОДОВ ПРИ ОЦЕНКЕ СОСТОЯНИЯ СТВОЛОВ PINUS SYLVESTRIS L.

Abstract

Assessment of stem wood quality in urban environment is relevant due to the fact that trees felled under increased wind load cause enormous damage to the city economy and lead to human losses. The aim of the study was to assess the viability of growing Scotch pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) trees using pulsed tomography and drilling resistance measurements. Research in coniferous forest plots included the development during the construction of the city. Arbotom® equipment of the German company RINNTECH was used to study the trunk by pulsed tomography. Drilling method was used (Resistograph® 4450 device) to estimate the relative density of the stem wood. A total of 20 model trees were examined: 10 trees each on 2 test plots. An instrumental-visual description was compiled for each tree: height and diameter, girth of the trunk at the root neck and at breast height, the shape and length of the crown, the shape of the trunk, the presence of visible defects in the trunk were visually determined. It was found that the average speed of sound pulse in the wood of the studied model trees fluctuates in the range of 1003-1349 m/s. The research based on the data of instrumental study of the quality of stem wood (Scots pine) at the age of 60-70 under the conditions of intense exposure to industrial emissions and recreational load. Zones of local wood destruction have been clearly defined in the structure of the density distribution. Comparison of the results (obtained by two different assessment methods of wood state at the same object) shows high degree of comparability. The parallel use of two measuring instruments in assessing the growing tree state increases the accuracy of the obtained data and enables more reliable determination of emergency trees, areas of their maximum destruction and, as a consequence, the most probable direction of tree fall.