Размножение сортов сливы амурской селекции в культуре in vitro

Abstract

Results are presented on clonal micropropagation for three cultivars selected in Amur Region: 'Blagoveshchenskii chernosliv', 'Lyudmila', and 'Oranzhevaya rannyaya'. Tips of growing young shoots are preferable explants for the tissue culture production as compared to lateral buds of the same shoots. The Quoirin-Lepoivre (QL) agar medium supplemented with sorbitol (20 g/L) and 6-benzylaminopurine (BA, 3 mg/L) was used for the establishment of explants and tissue culture initiation. Shoot proliferation was conducted on a QL agar medium with a modified microelement and vitamin composition and supplemented with sucrose (30 g/L), BA (0.2, 0.5, or 2.0 mg/L) and indole-3-butyric acid (IBA, 0.04 mg/L). Optimal shoot proliferation was noted to be achieved by alternate cultivation cycles on the medium with various BA concentration: 2 mg/L for an increased proliferation rate and 0.2–0.5 mg/L for an increased microshoot length. Higher values of shoot proliferation (the proliferation rate and microshoot length) were found for cv. 'Blagoveshchenskij chernosliv' (1.6 and 1.9 respectively) as compared to cv. 'Lyudmila' (1.3 and 1.5) and cv. 'Oranzhevaya rannyaya' (1.4 and 1.2). In vitro rooting was achieved after a preliminary incubation of microshoots in the aqueous solution of IBA (15 mg/L) with the subsequent cultivation on the growth regulator-­free QL agar medium. The cultivar 'Blagoveshchenskij chernosliv' had higher values of rooting (5.8 roots per shoot and 11.6 cm of total root length) as compared to cv. 'Lyudmila' (4.6 and 6.6 respectively) and cv. 'Oranzhevaya rannyaya' (5.3 and 7.4). The protocol was used for production of own­rooted plants of the plum cultivars.