ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА КЛИНИКО-ГЕМАТОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ ПОКАЗАТЕЛЕЙ У ПАЦИЕНТОВ С COVID-19 АССОЦИИРОВАННОЙ ПНЕВМОНИЕЙ

Abstract

Purpose of research. Assessment of the features of the clinical course of pneumonia associated with COVID-19, as well as hemogram and lymphocytic index parameters in patients with the first wave of SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus spread. Material and methods. The study included 60 patients with COVID-19 associated pneumonia (Group 1), 30 patients with bilateral community-acquired pneumonia not associated with COVID-19 (Group 2). The clinical manifestations of pneumonia and the parameters of the complete blood count were evaluated. Results. At the onset of the disease the patients of Group 1 were found to have fever (p=0.006) and dry cough (p=0.028) more often, the severity of fever being higher (p=0.019), crepitus being less frequently detected during auscultation of the lungs (p=0.03), slower regression of symptoms of pneumonia being characteristic (p=0.02) as well. Complete blood count more often determined a dysregenerative shift of the leukocyte formula to the left, manifested by an increase in the relative number of stab forms of neutrophils with a normal or reduced total number of leukocytes. As many as 45.0% patients of Group 1 showed elevated lymphocytic index (so-called excessive activation), 48.3% patients had reduced lymphocytic index, which indicates a tendency to the incompleteness of the immune responses. The inverse relationship between the lymphocytic index and the severity of pneumonia according to computed tomography (r=-0.34, p=0.0018) was established. Conclusion. Patients with COVID-19 associated pneumonia have specific clinical symptoms and hematological blood parameters as compared to those with community-acquired nonspecific pneumonia.