Вектор Пойнтинга и новая теория трансформатора. Часть 4. «Анатомия» трансформатора

Abstract

It is shown how powerful the application of vector potential is in establishing a correct theory of transformers instead of the existing one, which is incompatible with this notion. The equivalent circuit drawn using the new theory opened the possibility to represent the shell-type transformer topology in the form of nodes associated with the core leg, yoke, and winding radiuses. It has been proven that there exist A-invariant cylindrical surfaces inside the windings the vector potential on which does not depend on the load. It is shown that the flux separation lines in the aperture may pass not only in the gap between the windings, but also inside the windings. In case of a short-circuit fault, the flux separation line passes only inside the short-circuited winding. Losses and saturation in a real transformer can be taken into account by introducing the appropriate magnetization branches similar to the way it is done in the three previous parts of this work. The obtained results urge the advisability of writing a new theory of transformers that considers the vector potential distribution pattern in a transformer.