Архитектурный колонный ордер в эпоху елизаветинского барокко (1742—1762 гг.) в Санкт-Петербурге

Abstract

The author discusses structural principles of the column order attributed to Elizabethan Baroque Style and uses St. Petersburg monuments as examples. The article has drawings of columns and architectural details of the Baroque style buildings in St. Petersburg. The author identifies their specific stylistic features and compares them with classical architectural forms.The column order of the Elizabethan Baroque style is built according to classical rules, although it has substantial deviations. Back then, only three types of orders were used: a Doric order, an Ionic order and a composite order. Order profiles and capitals were changed in the era of Elizabethan baroque style; therefore, Ionian and composite capitals of the Elizabethan Baroque style differ from those of Vignola and Palladio. Necks of capitals were smooth or had flutes. The Elizabethan Ionic order is based on a subset of Ionic capitals, typical for the era of late Renaissance. Creative ideas and skills of architects developed an own language of architectural forms, typical for this style.