Энтеровирусные неполиомиелитные инфекции у госпитализированных взрослых Краснодарского края

Abstract

Objective. Characteristics of non-polio enteroviruses in outpatients in the Krasnodar. Materials and methods. The analysis of the incidence of non-polio enteroviruses in 2006–2022 was carried out in Krasnodar. The clinical course of verified non-polio enteroviruses is characterized based on the materials of a retrospective analysis of the medical stories of 157 outpatients. Results. Non-polio enteroviruses in the Krasnodar are constantly recorded in the form of sporadic morbidity with fluctuations from 0.12 to 11.26 per 100,000 population, mainly in toddlers, more often in the summer and autumn. Enterovirus meningitis prevailed in the clinical forms in the first ten years of follow-up, and in the last seven years – small forms of non-polio enteroviruses. Among adult outpatients with a moderate course of the disease predominate (98.2%), more often in the form of serous meningitis (50.9%) and exanthema of the oral mucosa and extremities (40.1%), less often acute respiratory disease (8,9%). Pathognomonic symptoms are not typical for non-polio enteroviruses. The main clinical signs of non-polio enteroviruses infection in all clinical forms are short-term febrile fever, malaise and weakness, symptoms of upper respiratory tract damage, absolute monocytosis, eosinopenia, lymphopenia, increased levels of C RP, as well as clinical and laboratory signs of serous meningitis in meningeal form and typical exanthem in "exanthem of the oral mucosa and extremities". Laboratory diagnostics should include tests to verify non-polio enteroviruses, as well as differential diagnostic studies to exclude clinically similar diseases that may involve etiotropic treatment with drugs of direct action on pathogens. The lack of approved antiviral drugs and the complexity of diagnosis lead to the inclusion of antimicrobial, broad-spectrum antiviral drugs, pathogenetic and symptomatic therapy in the treatment complex. Key words: non-polio enteroviruses, clinical characteristics, diagnosis, treatment