Особенности занятий силовым фитнессом с детьми и подростками

Abstract

The article deals with the problem of doing power fitness by children and teenagers. Since classes in the gym today have received universal popularity, the percentage of their visits to adolescents’ increases. Instructors of power fitness are not always aware of the problems of the subsequent functional state of young people involved. For a growing body of a teenager, basic strength exercises are useful - exercises with their own weight: pulling up, push-ups. The starting positions for strength training of young men should be exercises with small weights with a gradual transition to the use of weights of average power – 40-60% of the maximum. In addition, targeted strength training of adolescents and young men is possible after a fairly complete in time, content and result of general physical training. Physiologists do not recommend power fitness for children under the age of 14-16, arguing that their bodies are not yet formed and their bones are not strong enough to lift weights. Nevertheless, the period from 12-17 years old is distinguished by the intensive development of the body of a teenager, when the skeleton is actively growing, the musculoskeletal system is strengthened, and the muscle mass is gradually increasing. In this aspect, practitioners believe that children can practice on simulators from 13-14 years old and no more than 2-3 times a week. At the same time, it should be borne in mind that it is necessary to spend a lot of time learning exercises in order to perform them correctly, since this will determine both the effect of the training session and the risk of injury. In addition, the most important factor in choosing the right technology for strength training of adolescents is the postulate - do no harm, which involves preventing excessive physical and psychological stress, which can cause negative changes in the body. Thus, children and adolescents may use strength exercises with their own weight. At the same time, adolescents are shown the use of both self-power and strength exercises with weights according to the program of basic strength training, strength endurance. At the same time, when developing power fitness programs, it is necessary to take into account the age characteristics of children and adolescents, individual health and physical fitness, previous motor experience.