Інтенсифікація внутрішнього тепломасопереноса при переробці сировини рослинного походження

Abstract

The basis for the creation of energy-efficient environmentally-friendly technologies is the intensification of heat and mass transfer processes, since the drying processes of materials are the most energy-intensive and in many cases limit the capacity of the entire production line. And, as a rule, intensification of the drying process as a whole is not possible without the acceleration of internal mass transfer. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of temperature and solution properties on the intensification of capillary impregnation in the industrial preparation of flax trust. The raw material for the preparation of flax trust, from which flax fiber is obtained, is flax straw. The flax stem is covered with a cuticle - a thin waxy film outside. The fiber bundles in the flax stem are clearly separated. The thin primary walls of adjacent elementary fibers are interconnected by an intercellular substance composed mainly of pectin, part of which is soluble in water. In the center of the stem is a cavity surrounded by a core that passes into the wood. At industrial reception of flax trusts of a stalk of flax for the purpose of isolation from them fibers are subjected to biological wetting. The uniform and intense moisture of the straw creates the necessary conditions for the life of microorganisms that break down pectin and destroy the tissues of the stem. Experimental studies of the effect of temperature on the rate of wetting of a single straw have shown that the intensity of wetting flax straw with increasing temperature increases especially sharply at temperatures above 60 °C. The process of capillary impregnation of flax straw, which underwent hydrothermal treatment, was also investigated. It is shown that the use of O П -10 solution for pre-hydrothermal treatment further increases the rate of impregnation of the sample. The greatest influence of hydrothermal treatment is observed at the concentration of the solution 0.03 g/l. Key words: linen trust. internal mass transfer, capillary impregnation, hydrothermal treatment