Abstract
Despite the large number of existing solutions, the issue of optimizing the structure of freestanding shallow foundations is still relevant because of poorly studying. The object of the study is foundations with stepped base. To confirm the efficiency of these foundations, we conducted three different experiments: digital modelling, laboratory tests and full-scale experiment. First, the foundations were compared in terms of absolute settlement. In each of the experiments, the foundation with a stepped base was more efficient than its flat-base analogue (by about 30 %). During the full-scale experiment, at a final pressure under the foundation base of 18 t/m2, the foundation with flat base settled by 70.67 mm, while the foundation with stepped base settled by 49.32 mm. The experiment confirmed the results of the previous experiments: the foundation with a stepped base showed a substantially smaller settlement than the flat base analogue. In future studies, we plan to investigate the operation of strip foundations with stepped base in more detail, to determine the internal forces appearing in the body of the foundations, and to define the need of reinforcement for foundations with stepped base.
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