РАЗРАБОТКА И ОБОСНОВАНИЕ КОНСТРУКТИВНЫХ И РЕЖИМНЫХ ПАРАМЕТРОВ КАРТОФЕЛЕСАЖАЛКИ

Abstract

Planting is one of the main and most labor-intensive operations in potato cultivation technology. There is a problem of creating optimal density and uniformity of tuber placement during planting. To solve it, a toothed working unit of a disk-type potato planter has been developed. The article discusses the features of the process of interaction of the blades of the teeth of the disk working unit with the cultivated soil. If we take into account the fact that the parameters of the intensity of the impact on the soil by the gear working unit will depend on the speed of movement, it will be possible to determine the speed values of an arbitrary point of the teeth blade. As a result of mathematical transformations and the application of the method of differentiation of the equation of their displacement, a formula was obtained for calculating the cutting speed for an arbitrary point of the blade of the teeth of the disk working unit. The acceleration of the points under consideration is also determined and the dependences obtained as a result of theoretical studies are analyzed. The parameters of the impact speed and the trajectory of the blade movement directly depend on the shape of the cutting edge. They are also influenced by the angle of attack, the amount of inclination with respect to the vertical, and the speed indicators of the planter. With an increase in the speed of the unit from 1 to 5 m/s and an increase in the angle of attack from 0 to 30, the cutting speed changes from 0.1 to 1.5 m/s. When exposed to a disk working unit with teeth around the perimeter, the topsoil is thrown to the side and the lower layer is carried out to the open field surface, which is most noticeable when the planter moves at a speed of more than 2 m/s. At a travel speed of 3 m/s, soil ejection is reduced, compared to the SN-4B prototype, by up to 30%