ИЗМЕНЕНИЯ ЗАПАСОВ ГУМУСА ОТ СОСТАВА И СТРУКТУРЫ ПАШНИ

Abstract

The change in humus reserves is directly influenced by changes in soil biomass reserves. Recently, there has been a clear tendency for a deficit in the reserves of organic biomaterial, which, accordingly, reasonably indicates a decrease in the indicator of humus reserves. Of course, the process of humus accumulation is a multifactorial process. The authors propose to consider the "humus balance" as one of the factors affecting the generalized indicators of soil fertility. The method for calculating the humus balance is based on taking into account the nitrogen content in humus. The analysis of the processed data of the study in the SPK Kolkhoz "Memory of Lenin" of the Timashevsky district of the Krasnodar Territory indicates that the humus balance is greatly influenced by two indicators: the proportion and yield of agricultural crops. So for alfalfa, an increase in yield leads to an increase in the positive balance of humus under the crop: + (Y) = + (ΔH). The opposite situation for grain crops: + (Y) = + (- ΔG). In the same way, a large share of grain crops negatively affects the weighted average humus balance of arable land. An increase in the share of alfalfa, with stable harvest indicators, would play an important role in the restoration and stabilization of the humus stocks of arable land.