Abstract
The article highlights the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of phytoplankton organisms in the water area of the Middle Caspian Sea studied by sections: the city of Makhachkala-cape Sagyndyk, the city of Derbent - cape Sandy, Divichi village - Kenderli bay in 2019-2020. The saprobity index and the corresponding saprobity zone of the studied areas have been determined. It has been found that the dominant group was presented by diatoms (43% of the total com-position). The subdominants were dinophytic algae. The basis of the ecological complex of 2019-2020 was made up of representatives of freshwater groups of algae. Only on the section of Divichi village - Kenderli bay there dominated the species of marine origin. Quantitative indicators of phy-toplankton, both in the Middle Caspian as a whole and by sections, in 2020 decreased compared to the previous year. The general part of the biomass was formed by a large diatom Pseudosolenia calcar-avis and representatives of the group of dinophytic algae. The leading role in the abundance figures of the Middle Caspian in 2020 was played by small-cell phytoplankton, mainly from diatoms - Thalassiosira hustedtii, Thalassionema nitzschioides, Aulacoseira granulate, species of the genus Fragilaria. The highest quantitative indicators of 2020 were noted in the section of the city of Makhachkala-cape Sagyndyk in the productive layer of 0-25 m. In 2019-2020, the saprobiological state of the waters of the Middle Caspian was characterized as moderately polluted
Highlights
The article highlights the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of phytoplankton organisms in the water area of the Middle Caspian Sea studied by sections: the city of Makhachkala-cape Sagyndyk, the city of Derbent - cape Sandy, Divichi village - Kenderli bay in 2019-2020
It has been found that the dominant group was presented by diatoms (43% of the total composition)
The general part of the biomass was formed by a large diatom Pseudosolenia calcar-avis and representatives of the group of dinophytic algae
Summary
Исследована количественная и качественная характеристика фитопланктонных организмов на акватории Среднего Каспия за 2019–2020 гг. по разрезам: г. Количественные показатели фитопланктона в целом по Среднему Каспию и по разрезам в 2020 г. Основу биомассы формировала крупная диатомовая водоросль Pseudosolenia calcar-avis и представители группы динофитовых водорослей. Ведущую роль в показателях численности Среднего Каспия в 2020 г. Играл мелкоклеточный фитопланктон, главным образом из диатомовых водорослей – Thalassiosira hustedtii, Thalassionema nitzschioides, Aulacoseira granulate, виды рода Fragilaria. Ключевые слова: фитопланктон, Средний Каспий, диатомовые водоросли, численность, биомасса, сапробность. В. Особенности развития фитопланктона Среднего Каспия в летний период // Вестник Астраханского государственного технического университета. В связи с этим при мониторинге окружающей среды одной из важных составляющих является наблюдение за биологическими объектами, в частности исследование водорослей, их таксономического состава, численности и биомассы. Объект и методы исследования Исследованы видовой и количественный составы фитопланктона Среднего Каспия в летний период 2020 г.
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