서계 박세당의 『대학사변록』에 보이는 ‘경세’ 지향 학문관

Abstract

Park Se-dang(朴世堂) was a government official and a Confucian(儒者) who sincerely sought ways to overcome the crisis of the nation represented by the disgrace of Samjeondo after Qing invasion of Joseon. The first thing he wrote when he retired in the Seokchun-dong was the 『Daehaksabyunrok(大學思辨錄), studying the Great Learning(大學) by critical method)』. The Great Learning was a scripture that most clearly stated that the main principle of Confucianism was in the Su-gi-chi-in(修己治人, means that you should train yourself and then you are able to manage others). Master Zhu(朱子) made the logical basis of his neo-Confucianism(性理學), through the commentary on the Great Learning, but in the process, he made an error of reducting the managing others(治人) to the training oneself(修己). Park Se-dang reviewed the contents of the Great Learning according to the method and logic of the Master Zhu, and figured out that the commentary of Master Zhu had the inconsistency with the text and the logical contradiction. Through this, he overcame the error of the Master Zhu and recovered the idea of Confucian statecraft(經世).BR Through the 『Daehaksabyunrok』, Park Se-dang attempted to correct the error of the Master Zhu, who tried to replace the managing others(治人) by the training oneself修己). And Park also tried to restore the domain of the managing others(治人) to reveal that the main purpose of Confucianism is on the statecraft(經世). This clearly shows that the Noron(老論) party, the group who opposes Tangpyong theory(蕩平論) on the basis of Master Zhu’s idea, is erroneous from the beginning. 『Daehaksabyunrok』 also provided academic foundation for Soron(少論) party and the idea of Silhak(實學, Realist School of Confucianism). Soron party aimed at a new nation that overcame the contradictions of the feudal class system and the landlord system through the Tangpyong theory. It is possible to see the formation and development of Silhak, stem from these unique idea of Soron party.