Оценка обеспеченности транспортной сетью районов Республики Саха (Якутия)

Abstract

The article assesses the provision of the municipal districts of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) with a transport network. The importance of developing a backbone transport network on the territory of the Republic is noted. An assessment of transport provision was carried out at the level of municipalities (districts) using official statistics. As the main research method, a retrospective statistical analysis of the indicators of the development of the road network and the availability of it to the regions of the Republic was chosen: the length and density of public roads, coefficients for assessing the level of provision with the road network and transport. The Engel, Goltz, Uspensky coefficients as well as the indicator of the density of the road network were used as key indicators. With the use of this methodology, a quantitative assessment of the transport provision of the regions of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) was made. Based on the assessment and thematic maps created, territorial differences in the transport provision of the Republic were identified, and a typology was carried out at the municipal level. Six types of transport provision have been identified. The obtained results allowed us for following conclusions: the highest indicator of the provision of a transport network is characteristic of the territory of the city of Yakutsk, as it is the center of development of the region located at the intersection of the main transport highways and the center in the formation of the all-season supporting transport network of the Republic. The ranking of the territory, taking into account all coefficients, showed that the highest level of transport provision of the population will be characteristic of areas with industrial development and a well-developed road network. The average level is typical for most areas with year-round regional roads and winter roads. 60 % of the territory of the Republic has a level of provision with a transport network “below average” and “low”. The low level of transport security is typical for Arctic regions with a network of winter roads that do not have year-round regional roads.