ПРОФЕСІЙНИЙ ВІДБІР: ТЕОРІЯ І ПРАКТИКА, ПРОБЛЕМИ ТА ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ

Abstract

The article is devoted to theoretical and practical issues of professional selection. The authors draw attention to the forced need for Ukraine to repel military aggression from the Russian Federation. All the forces of society and the economy of the country are aimed at fighting the aggressor, and at the same time, every scientist in his workplace should contribute to the development of scientific research that will help strengthen the security and defense forces of our country. One of the directions for the formation of highly professional special units of the security and defense forces is the introduction and improvement of scientifically based stages of the professional selection of candidates for service in the relevant units of the Armed Forces, NGU, SSU, FIS of Ukraine and other components of the armed forces. security and defense forces. It is proved that the theory and practice of professional selection, methods and forms of its organization are based on the advanced achievements of modern science. In particular, legal, general and social psychology, psychophysiology, ergonomics, engineering psychology, psychodiagnostics, neuropsychology, psychiatry, physiology of higher nervous activity, psychocorrection and psychotherapy. All modern achievements of human science and its relationship with technical means, systems, modern weapons and the environment in the process of official activity can be used for professional selection. Taking into account the physical and mental characteristics and abilities of a person to act in extreme situations is the main issue in the professional selection of candidates for service in special units of the security and defense forces. The article notes that the First and Second World Wars served as a powerful stimulus for the development and implementation of professional psychological selection. For many types of military professions, professiograms and psychograms have been compiled that describe the professionally important qualities that actors should possess. In a difficult situation of military aggression from the Russian Federation, domestic military psychologists hone their skills in extreme conditions, apply psychological tests and professional methods in conditions of scarcity, find and develop new approaches to the process of professional selection. The authors come to the conclusion that it is necessary to further study the existing methods and techniques of professional selection, which have proven themselves especially well at the present stage. Psychologists of the security and defense forces gain invaluable practical experience in the field of professional selection. This practical experience should be studied, systematized, generalized and found a scientific basis for further use.