Угловое сверхразрешение в бортовых радиолокационных системах воздушного базирования

Abstract

In the practical application of aircraft, situations are possible when in the on-board radar system (onboard radar) it is not possible to resolve the signals of radar targets in the channels for measuring range, velocity and angular coordinates. In these situations, it is expedient to use superresolution angular estimation procedures in the radar. There are various methods and algorithms for angular estimation with superresolution, each of which has its own advantages and disadvantages. At the same time, in the available scientific and technical literature there is no information on the superresolution angular estimation algorithms used in the radar, the knowledge of which is necessary in the design of promising radar. The article systematizes and analyzes methods and algorithms for angular estimation with superresolution. A classification of methods of angular estimation with superresolution is given. Generalized information about known one-dimensional and two-dimensional methods and algorithms of angular estimation is presented. The algorithms proposed for use in planar antenna arrays (ARs), concentric annular antenna arrays, ring antenna arrays, circular four-quadrant ARs, planar ARs with a total output signal are considered. It is noted that among the features of the construction of an on-board radar is the reduction in the total number of information processing channels, achieved by combining antenna elements into subarrays, the output signals of which are used to estimate the angular coordinates of radiation sources. The specificity of such antenna arrays is that the antenna subarrays have directional patterns that are narrower than those of weakly directional antenna elements. In addition, the distance between antenna modules can significantly exceed the distance between antenna elements in a conventional antenna array and, at the same time, significantly exceed the wavelength size. To determine the possibilities of practical application of the algorithms of angular two-dimensional estimation with superresolution in an on-board radar with a modular AA, considered in the article, special studies are required.