Геоинформационные технологии в исследовании инновационной инфраструктуры регионов России

Abstract

The article is devoted to the use of geoinformation systems and technologies to study the territorial organization of innovative activities in the regions of Russia. The main attention is paid to the identification and analysis of spatial patterns of localization of the main components of the innovative infrastructure—innovative territorial clusters and technology parks. Such aspects of their functioning as organizational and legal status, overall quantity, quantity of participants and number of employees are considered. Significant unevenness in the placement of these objects of technical and technological infrastructure has been revealed. The most developed innovative infrastructure is in large agglomerations of European Russia. This is due to the high level of socio-economic development, significant diversification of the economy, the presence of a large number of scientific institutions and universities, a high concentration of innovative enterprises and main markets for innovative goods and services. The use of GIS technologies is an effective method for identifying and analyzing the spatial patterns of the functioning of important objects of industrial and technological infrastructure (technoparks and innovative territorial clusters) in terms of their dynamics, organizational and legal status, the number of employees and determining the prospects for the development of these objects of innovative infrastructure. The results of the study, obtained on the basis of the analysis of spatial data on innovation activity in the regions of Russia, are necessary for organizations and decision makers to form regional and federal policies aimed at achieving the country’s leadership in certain high-tech industries. The end result of an effective innovation policy is to improve the quality of life of the country’s population. Further formation of the innovation infrastructure should be based on the development of an effective marketing strategy for the commercialization of innovations, improvement of the education system and diversification of all components of the innovative infrastructure. Geo-information technologies are the most effective means of identifying the level of diversification of innovative infrastructure due to the ability to visualize the level of concentration of various infrastructure facilities.