Abstract
범주형 자료에서 순서화된 대립가설을 검정하는 경우는 의학 사회학 경영학 등 다양한 응용분야에서 발생한다. 이러한 검정 방법은 대부분 대표본이론에 근거하여 개발되었다. 하지만 표본크기가 작거나 표본크기가 매우 불균등한 경우 대표본이론에 근거한 검정방법의 제 1종 오류 확률은 목표로 하는 5%와 멀어지는 경우가 많이 발생한다. 본 논문에서는 범주형 자료에서 순서화된 대립가설을 검정하는 경우 표본크기가 작거나 표본크기가 매우 불균등한 경우에 사용될 수 있는 정확검정방법을 소개하고 이에 대한 검정력 및 정확 p-value를 제시할 것이다. Testing of order-restricted alternative hypothesis in <TEX>$2{\times}k$</TEX> contingency tables can be applied to various fields of medicine, sociology, and business administration. Most testing methods have been developed based on a large sample theory. In the case of a small sample size or unbalanced sample size, the Type I error rate of the testing method (based on a large sample theory) is very different from the target point of 5%. In this paper, the exact testing method is introduced in regards to the testing of an order-restricted alternative hypothesis in categorical data (particularly if a small sample size or extreme unbalanced data). Power and exact p-value are calculated, respectively.
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