МЕЖДУНАРОДНЫЙ ОПЫТ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОЙ ПОДДЕРЖКИ МАЛОГО И СРЕДНЕГО ПРЕДПРИНИМАТЕЛЬСТВА

Abstract

The article is devoted to the practice of implementing cluster policy abroad – the experiences of the member countries of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). The research in this article can be used to create effective tools to support small and medium-sized businesses in the Russian Federation. The world economy is constantly changing, and new trends, technologies and working methods are emerging in practice. The use of the experience of developed countries will help to promote the development of small and medium-sized enterprises in the Russia. The most successful countries in terms of implementing cluster policy create specialized structures (implementation agency) that provide high-quality support services to (non-financial) cluster management organizations. Some key success factors of additional support services have been identified: high demand orientation, practical orientation of support measures and their high quality, training with the possibility of exchange of experience and establishment of links with other services, communication and consistent implementation based on stable principles. The authors’ observation of the activities of domestic clusters, analysis of foreign experience and theoretical literature allowed to highlight some conditions of sustainable development of clusters, in particular, the quality of the environment, the level of profile companies, the predominance of private initiative, Openness and internal competition, as well as the presence of specialized independent management bodies and active working groups. Compliance of the cluster with these features will allow it to move to a self-development trajectory.