Abstract
The article considers the influence of discrete (3 mm) basalt fiber on the tribological properties of secondary agglomerated polyethylene terephthalate. It was found that the introduction of the filler reduces the coefficient of friction and the intensity of linear wear of the initial polymer 1,5 and 4,5 times, respectively, reaching the minimum values at a basalt fiber content of 5 mass.%. The obtained results are due to the fact that the appearance of basalt fiber strengthens the polymer matrix that confirms the increase in hardness by 15%, and inhibits the development of cracks on the surface of the composite. The study of the temperature in the contact zone showed its increase that is due to the low thermal conductivity of the filler (0,064 - 0,096); as a result, there is an accumulation of heat in the friction zone. Further increase in fiber content (up to 10 mass.%) leads to a sharp deterioration of the tribological and physico-mechanical properties of basaltoplastics because of the increase in the defect of the material. It is determined that the effective content of filler in the polymer matrix is 5 mass.%. As a result, this composite was recommended for the manufacture of parts for movable joints of agricultural, automotive and metallurgical equipment.
Highlights
Nowadays the ecological situation in Ukraine and around the world is very close to critical
Analyzing the results of tribological studies, it was found that the basalt fiber reinforcement of secondary agglomerated polyethylene terephthalate (PET) leads to a decrease in the coefficient of friction (Fig. 1) and the intensity of linear wear (Fig. 2) by 1,5 and 4,5 times, respectively, reaching minimum values at the filler content 5 mass.%
The increase in the coefficient of friction in the range of speeds of 0,5 - 1,0 m/s is due to the increase of the friction force in the contact zone due to the frictionality of the basalt fibers (BF)
Summary
Nowadays the ecological situation in Ukraine and around the world is very close to critical. As of 2019, the volume of municipal solid waste (MSW) of polymers amounted to 215 million tons. Widespread methods of the disposal of municipal solid waste, including polyethylene terephthalate (PET), are incineration, recycling, pyrolysis, decomposition and reusing. These methods are characterized by a number of such disadvantages as: environmental (release of toxic substances has a negative impact on the human body and the environment) and economic (periodic or semi-continuous principle of operation). One of the common practices of the disposal of municipal solid waste is the creation of composite materials (CM) of structural (lattice drainage systems, covers and housings of hatches, bottoms of bodies and door modules of cars), general (waterproof furniture, park benches [2, 3]) and tribotechnical (gears, sliding bearings) purpose. The search for new effective contains of CM, including tribotechnical purposes, on the basis of secondary waste is an urgent task for scientists
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