ВИМІРЮВАННЯ КОЕФІЦІЄНТА ПІДСИЛЕННЯ АНТЕН ДОВІЛЬНОЇ ПОЛЯРИЗАЦІЇ ДЗЕРКАЛЬНИМ МЕТОДОМ

Abstract

Requirements to characteristics and parametres of modern aerials, especially to electromagnetic compatibility, constantly grow. The effective utilisation of antenna technics is impossible now without development and perfection of means and ways of measurement of electric characteristics and parametres. Experimental study of antenna characteristics is the most important technological process during their development and manufacture. Results of measurements of characteristics of aerials allow to check up reliability of calculations and modelling, correctness of a choice of a design and materials, accuracy of manufacturing, and also conformity to requirements of electromagnetic compatibility. The article analyzes the current mirror methods for determining the characteristics of elliptical and circular polarization antennas. On the basis of the analysis (features of the considered methods) necessity of their perfection is proved. The block diagramme of measurement of factor of strengthening of the aerial of any polarisation is offered by a mirror method. It is distinguished by the presence of a polarizing screen with a rectangular foam plate on which thin metal conductors are applied, the distance between which is less than a quarter of the wavelength in air. The circuit also includes: a panoramic voltage standing wave ratio meter, an indicator, a matching transformer, an antenna for research, a mirror image of the antenna. Measurement strengthening factor is spent taking into account its communication with the diagramme of an orientation of the aerial. The settlement and experimentally removed schedules of diagrammes of an orientation of aerials of circular polarisation in planes Е and Н accordingly are resulted: rectangular wave guide with round cracks and square aerials with a dielectric plate on which from two parties non-uniform slot-hole lines are put. Comparison of the calculation and experimental results showed the possibility of using the mirror image method to measure the characteristics of circularly polarized antennas. Feature of an advanced mirror method of measurement of factor of strengthening is that the direction of rotation of a vector of intensity of electric field at reflexion does not change on opposite, it is not necessary to measure parametres of a polarising ellipse, has no value how excitation of an electromagnetic wave of rotating polarisation is provided, you can measure the parameters of antennas with linear polarization.