니체가 본 중국적인 도덕과 맹자의 윤리 비교 연구

Abstract

Nietzsche divides morality into the morality of the master (the noble) and the morality of the slave (the non- noble), and criticizes the Christian morality of Europe at the time when Nietzsche lived as slave morality and Chinese morality. Nietzsche’s main morality is the morality of those who affirm everything, including aggression, are energetic, evaluate value independently, and create value. Slave morality, on the other hand, is an altruistic morality derived from resentment against the strong, not from the human subject, which makes humans inactive and dwarfed. However, Mencius says that altruistic morality is morality derived from the subject. Mencius refers to heart of compassion(惻隱之心) that cannot be cruel to others, and says that heart of compassion is a clue to sensitive concern for others(仁) that everyone has. And Mencius emphasized that politics based on the people should be based on heart of compassion and sensitive concern for others. In addition, Mencius says that this heart of compassion doesn’t make human be dwarfed, and belongs to a heart(心)-human nature(性)-sky(天) structure. It connects with human nature and an intrinsic and transcendent sky. This also contrasts with the content that Nietzsche’s master/slave morality arises from the conditions of life in reality. Through this basis, I think it is not reasonable for Nietzsche to view Chinese morality as altruistic slave morality.