ИЗМЕНЕНИЕ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИК МОТОРНЫХ МАСЕЛ В ДВИГАТЕЛЯХ ЗЕРНОУБОРОЧНЫХ КОМБАЙНОВ

Abstract

As a result of changes in the physical and chemical characteristics of motor oil in the engines of combine harvesters, it was found that during the period of harvesting, the base number of the oil changes to a greater extent. In particular, in Don-1500 combines, the alkaline number decreased from 8 mg KOH/g to 5-6 mg KOH/g. At the same time, the viscosity of the oil and the flash point changed minimally over the period of operation of 180 hours. It was determined that during the period of storage and downtime of the combine for 10 months, the alkaline number decreased by no more than 5%, while the acid number increased, which indicates oxidative processes occurring in the oil during the downtime of combines in an open area. In terms of considering the possibility of cleaning the engine oil from resins and oxidation products, laboratory studies were carried out to remove insoluble sediment. It has been established that the addition of a 2% ammonium hydroxide solution with dissolved carbamide to the oil in a ratio of 50:50, followed by heating and centrifugation, makes it possible to reduce the content of insoluble contaminants by 10 times, the value of the acid number decreases by 2 times. In the process of conducting laboratory studies, the effect of downtime of combine harvesters on the protective properties of the oil was considered. It was determined that traces of corrosion were formed on plates made of St3 steel, not exceeding 7 ... 10% of the area of the surface treated with oil. The obtained results of the research are one of the stages in the development of technology for extending the service life of engine oil and protecting engine parts from corrosion during their post-harvest storage. The obtained results of the research are one of the stages in the development of technology for extending the service life of engine oil and protecting engine parts from corrosion during their post-harvest storage.