Еритроцити та їх значення в патогенезі негоспітальної пневмонії

Abstract

The purpose of the study was to study the response of erythrocytes in patients with community-acquired pneumonia and to assess its importance in the pathogenesis of this disease. Materials and methods. Thirty patients with community-acquired pneumonia were examined. The diagnosis was established on the basis of epidemiological, clinical, laboratory, radiological data. Erythrocyte count, hemoglobin concentration, hematocrit number, erythrocyte indexes were determined: mean erythrocyte volume, mean hemoglobin content in erythrocyte, mean hemoglobin concentration in erythrocyte. Results and discussion. It is established that with community-acquired pneumonia in the body there is an increase in the formation of reactive oxygen species at all times of observation. The study of the qualitative and quantitative composition of blood cells in our study found significant shifts in all indicators. Thus, the number of erythrocytes on the 1st day of observation increased by 20.9% relative to the group of healthy individuals, and then decreased and remained by 8 % – 10 % less than in the control on the 5th day. Subsequently, after 10 days there was a sharp (2.2 times) decrease in the number of erythrocytes. However, in general, the concentration of erythrocytes in this observation period remained significantly reduced relative to the group of almost healthy individuals by 20%. Changes in hemoglobin concentration had a similar dynamic. The maximum decrease in erythrocytes count and hemoglobin concentration in the blood over time indicates active hemolysis of erythrocytes during this period. Hematocrit in the examined patients increased sharply on the 1st day of the study, which indicated blood clotting. However, on day 5, hematocrit decreased sharply, amounting to only 57% of the level of the practically healthy individuals’ group and practically did not recover to the ascending level on the 10th day. The mean erythrocyte volume did not change significantly during the study. Conclusion. Changes in the number of erythrocytes, hemoglobin and erythrocyte indices in community-acquired pneumonia are due to membrane-destructive processes in erythrocytes, a decrease in their absolute number – due to hemolysis, hematocrit changes – due to redistribution of blood and hypoxia that develops in non-hospital pneumonia. Changes in erythrocytes are oxygen-dependent mechanisms in the pathogenesis of community-acquired pneumonia