Щодо взаємодії і захоплення металевих крапель доменним шлаком

Abstract

The mechanism of capture of metal drops by the slag melt was investigated using blast furnace slag as an example. The role of the viscosity of the blast furnace slag in reducing iron loss at the output from the blast furnace is shown. Reducing the viscosity of slags contributes to the rapid settling of small drops of cast iron in the slag volume. It is noted that the CaO/SiO2 ratio is an important parameter that changes the viscosity of blast furnace slag. To ensure the minimum viscosity of blast furnace slag, it is necessary to establish the optimal chemical composition of the slag, in particular the CaO/SiO2 ratio. A study of the temperature dependence of the viscosity of blast furnace slag melts was carried out using the method of estimating the content of the solid phase in the melt during its cooling. Calculations of the volume fraction of the solid phase for blast furnace slags were performed. An increase in the CaO/SiO2 ratio in slags leads to an increase in their crystallization ability. The microstructure and chemical composition of individual phases of a blast furnace slag sample were studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It was established that the experimental slag contained at least three phases. The main (matrix) phase was an amorphous phase, which contained mainly SiO2 and Al2O3. The volume of the matrix phase contained interspersions of the crystalline phase of different sizes, which mainly included CaO and SiO2. In the volume of the crystalline phase, a metallic phase was found, which consisted mainly of Fe and Mn and had a regular rounded shape. The mechanism of capture of a metal droplet by slag is described. The metal drop serves as a frame (center) for the nucleation of the crystalline phase in the slag volume, as its surface energy decreases at the "metal drop - slag" interface. An increase in the mass of the crystalline phase around the metal drop leads to an increase in its lifting force and capture of the metal drop. Keywords: blast furnace slag, viscosity, metal loss, crystallization, scanning electron microscopy.