Питальне висловлення як компонент народнопісенного дискурсу: лінгвокульторологічний аспект

Abstract

The linguo-cultural approach in the poly-paradigmatic scope of modern linguistics determines the appearance of scientific studies on multilevel language units as ethnomarked resources that express national culture and mentality in the folk literary texts, folklore, parables. In this aspect, Ukrainian folk songs stand out due to the high poeticism, expressiveness, imagery and lyricism created by syntactic constructions. This article, in particular, analyzes interrogative constructions as meaningful components of folk song discourse that affect mental spheres of the language personality and mark the national-linguistic worldview of the Ukrainian speaker. Drawing upon the research material the author defined communicative-intentional content of interrogative statements, characterized the models-realization of query intentions, which, as evidenced by the created source data, verbalize, on the one hand, multidirectional interrogative components (pronouns and adverbs) that embody explanatory intentions aimed at cognitive process-search, and on the other hand, interrogative particles that actualize emotional and evaluative semantics (doubts, assumptions, surprise, reproach, laughter, resentment, etc.) in the folk song discourse. By using the relevant linguistic methodology, it became possible to present the addresser-addressee continuum of song communication (mother – son, father – daughter, husband – wife, brother – sister, etc.), which emphasizes the important role of interrogative constructions in dialogic speech, in creating naturalness and dynamics of the song, as well as in the expression of primary and secondary interrogative functions. A detailed study of various genres of songs (Christmas carols, spring songs, bathing songs, baptismal songs, lullabies, family-household songs, social-household songs, etc.) enabled us to determine the functional potential of interrogative constructions aimed at expressiveness, emotionality and evaluation. It is also focused on the major and minor key of the song, highlighting deep sensuality and poeticism of man as a representative of Ukrainian culture and linguo-mentality.