ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЕ ЦЕНТРА ТЯЖЕСТИ БЕСПИЛОТНОГО ЛЕТАТЕЛЬНОГО АППАРАТА КОНВЕРТОПЛАНОВОГО ТИПА

Abstract

The article analyzes research work in the direction of the correct location of the load center,centering and gravity of the aircraft at the design and manufacturing stage in order to improve theefficiency and safety of flights, as well as the characteristics of existing methods and means, and,using the example of a tiltrotor unmanned aerial vehicle, a methodology for using the known the"scale-graph" method, which is widely used in determining the center of gravity of an aircraft.When determining the mass of the tiltrotor-type unmanned aerial vehicle designed and developedby us and calculating the coordinates of the center of gravity, an analysis of the standard deviationand probable error was carried out. The characteristics and possibilities of practical applicationof mobile electronic scales as the main means of measuring the load of an unmanned aerialvehicle in stationary conditions, as well as direct weighing, which makes it possible to determinethe center of gravity, are considered. A method developed for determining the center of gravity ofan aircraft with increased accuracy is described, and a model for constructing the proposedsystem is presented. The results of theoretical and experimental studies carried out to determine the mass and center of gravity of an unmanned aerial vehicle are analyzed. To do this, inaccordance with the methodology, the plane of the laboratory table was brought to ahorizontal position with a level gauge and the measurement errors of digital measuringscales were checked according to the results of measuring the reference load. Themeasurements were repeated by changing the position of the scales clockwise. According tothe measurement results, since the center of gravity of the aircraft was taken differently onboth axes, and the intermediate point fell outside the central axis (to the right or left, front toback), repeated measurements were taken by shifting the load in the appropriate direction toensure centering during measurements. According to the final results, center of gravitydiagrams were constructed based on the calculated values of the coordinates of the points ofintersection of the diagonals and random slope values were determined. Based on thediagrams constructed using the program, the final graph was obtained with the root-meansquareerror of the deviation of the aircraft from the axis of symmetry, equal to σ=0.047 sm.