시장친화적 토지공개념 : 지대 공유 사상에 대한 비판 검토

Abstract

“Public concept of land” is a perception that land, compared with privately produced goods, needs more public concerns and regulations. As real estate is probably one of the most important factors to have caused unjust economic inequality in recent decades, there have been hot debates on various land policy options. Henry George, an American land reformer in 19th century, suggested collection of land rent for public revenue can solve the problem. There have been, however, numerous critiques and doubts concerning his solution. This paper deals with three serious and important Korean critics, Kwak Tae-Won, Kim Chung-Ho and Lee Jae-Yul. The conclusion of the review is that not only their critics and doubts are either irrelevant or groundless but also the public collection of land rent is necessary for distributive justice as well as for economic efficiency of land market. The paper also proposes a practical measure, called Land Value Tax with Interest Deduction (LVT-ID) as an alternative to the full Land Value Tax (LVT) suggested by Henry George. The LVT-ID eradicates real estate speculation like the LVT, but it protects current landowners by preserving land price unlike the LVT which makes land price fall down to zero.