ОЦЕНКА РАЗВИТИЯ СТРАХОВАНИЯ ПОСЕВОВ СЕЛЬСКОХОЗЯЙСТВЕННЫХ КУЛЬТУР В РОССИИ

Abstract

Overcoming and reducing the influence of negative natural, climatic, geopolitical, and economic factors on the development of Russian agriculture is the main condition for ensuring its food security. In recent years, the development of agricultural insurance has become an important tool for stabilizing the work of agricultural producers. During 2016-2018 the number of insured agricultural producers and the size of sown areas decreased, and since 2019 there has been an increase in indicators: if in 2018 the share of insured sown areas in Russia as a whole was only 1.7%, then in 2022 - 8.6%. In 2016 small forms of farming accounted for only about 15% of the total number of insured agricultural producers to whom subsidies were provided, and in 2022 - already more than 37%. With the increase in the number of insurances and the areas of insured areas, the insured amounts and the amounts accrued also increased significantly insurance premium, including those paid. A positive trend is also the ratio of the paid and accrued insurance premium, which in 2016 was 0.904, then in 2022 – 0.994. Rural producers mainly insure crops of grain and oilseeds, the share of which in the structure of insured areas is 79.3 and 14.9%, respectively. At the same time, the issues of crop insurance are unevenly developed across territorial units of the country: in 2021-2022, the largest amounts of insured areas are in the Southern, Central and Volga Federal Districts, the smallest in the North-Western and Ural Federal Districts. Agricultural insurance indicators are to a certain extent influenced by climatic conditions, in particular, due to unfavorable weather conditions, the largest number of crop insurers in 2021 were in Volga region.