Разработка автоматизированной системы управления для учебного лабораторного стенда

Abstract

The training laboratory stand was created to simulate the operation of a direct-flow boiler, in order to study the hydraulic and thermophysical processes occurring in such devices. Having studied the hydrodynamics of the coolant in a cylindrical composite coil, it is possible to influence the steam capacity of the boiler, improve its energy efficiency. For educational purposes, the student can study the flow modes of liquid and air, learn how to control electrical equipment, master the operation of shut-off valves and parting devices for measuring flow, temperature and pressure. The purpose of the work is to design, create and launch an educational laboratory stand that allows you to reproduce the hydraulic and aerodynamic modes of operation of a direct-flow steam boiler of a coil type without heating the coolant. Methods. For the design, a model of a real coil-type steam boiler was taken as a basis and adapted to the operating conditions for laboratory work. Results. As a result, thermal mechanical schemes of hydraulic and aerodynamic systems, the algorithm of the hydraulic system, the automation scheme, as well as a list of selected equipment and photos of the assembled laboratory stand are presented. Conclusion. Modern automation devices can make it possible to take readings of the coolant and air with high accuracy, as well as transfer experimental values to a personal computer for data storage and subsequent analysis. The educational laboratory stand will allow for an in-depth study of hydraulic and aerodynamic processes in a direct-flow steam boiler of the coil type, the processes of change and occurrence of laminar and turbulent modes, as well as their impact on improving the energy efficiency of the boilers in question, and in the future on separate heat exchange equipment.