Исследование реакции амидирования карбоновых кислот и их производных

Abstract

The presented work shows the results of research in the field of studying the amidation reaction of carboxylic acids and their functionally substituted derivatives with various amines. The main patterns of the above reaction are shown, the mechanisms of reactions involving carboxylic acids, as well as their derivatives (esters, anhydrides and acid chlorides) are presented. The main areas of application of the synthesized amide products are considered. It is reported that the reaction of direct amidation of carboxylic acids with amine components can occur in the presence of various catalysts or auxiliary reagents, among which dicyclohexylcarbodimide is most often used. Direct amidation has been shown to be accelerated in the presence of nucleophilic reagents containing a free electron pair. Some features of the amidation reaction involving acid derivatives, in particular esters and acid chlorides, are also shown. It is noted that one of the variants of such reactions is the Schotten-Bauman reaction. The paper also describes the results of the authors’ own research. It is noted that condensation reactions of acid chlorides of some aliphatic, naphthenic and aromatic acids with amines of various structures have been carried out, leading to the formation of mono- and dicarboxyamide derivatives of heterocyclic compounds, such as benzimidazole, benzoxazole and oxadiazepine. The practical properties of the synthesized compounds were studied and it was found that their potassium salts have high biological activity and can be used as a growth stimulator for wheat and pea plants. In addition, it was shown that the resulting amides are corrosion inhibitors and some of them have highly protective effects and can be used in technology as inhibitors.