Abstract
Cisplatin is a cystostatic agent with a ototoxic side effect. Modern chemotherapy protocols aim to maintain high efficiency against malignant tumors with minimal complications. It is known that one of the side effects of the drug is cisplatin-induced sensoneural hearing loss. Our study research hearing loss with the use of cisplatin depending on the total dose of the drug in clinical practice and identifying target cells in the structure of the inner ear in experiment. A total of 117 patients using cisplatin to treat tumors of various locations were studied, among whom hearing loss was revealed in 28% of cases. Hearing loss predominantly affected the high-frequency region above 8000 Hz and depended on the total dose of cisplatin. We carried out the experimental part of the work on BALB/C mice. To model toxic hearing loss, we used 2 cisplatin administration protocols: a single dose of 12 mg per kg intraperitoneally and a dose of 3 mg/kg sequentially for 7 days. After the administration of cisplatin, a decrease in hearing was recorded according to ABR and DPOAE in all animals, which was more prominent among animals with a single dose of the drug. Histological examination of preparations of the cochlea of animals exposed to the toxic effects of cisplatin showed damage to the structures of the spiral ganglion, stria vascularis and outer hair cells. Variety of damage depended on the dose of the drug.
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