О звуковысотной организации знаменного распева в аспекте дешифровки

Abstract

The issue of transcription of Early Russian Znamenny Chants into contemporary notation has a deciphering character and remains relevant for notation not provided with aiding deciphering marks. The approach towards computer-based aid of the process of deciphering is based by use of Dvoznamenny chant books of the late 17th and early 18th centuries. The complexity of the deciphering is stipulated by the fact that the Znamenny signs may contain a multitude interpretations of musical notation. The algorithms created by us make it possible to recreate correctly the rhythmic structure of the chants for 95–98% of the signs (znameny) in various voices (glasy). However, the precision of the reconstruction of the pitch constituent is much less – it is approximately 60–80%. This stipulates the necessity for more detailed research of the pitch organization of the Znamenny chant. The work carries out a quantitative analysis of the pitch-related transitions from one znamya (sign) to the next for all sorts of combinations of pairs of znamya (signs) or bigrams presented in the musical texts of dvoznamenniks with preliminarily eliminated marks (pomety) of scalesteps and indications (three Oktoechoses and Heirmologies). The obtained statistics of the acceptable intervals may be used during the process of deciphering of the unmarked notation for the correction of the variants inconsistent with it. Examples are brought of znamenny (sign) bigrams which demonstrate unexpected peculiarities of the Znamenny chant practically unilluminated in musicology. Concurrently questions are touched upon illuminating the definition of the concept of a “line,” the demonstration of bigram indicators of the structures of popevkas, peculiarities of the chants of znameny (signs) repeating in a tandem manner, etc. The work has been carried out with the support of the program of fundamental scholarly studies of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences No. I.5.1., project No. 0314-2019-0015, as well as through the partial financial assistance of the Russian Foundation of Fundamental Studies, project No. 16-07-00812. Keywords: Znamenny chant, Dvoznamenniks, note-staff reconstruction, popevkas, bigrams.