멕시코 국토 발전과 공간적 조정에 관한 시론적 연구

Abstract

Mexico has been noted as a somewhat exceptional case in the 2000s, when the Pink Tide wave was exerting a powerful influence in South America. Thus after losing to Mexico’s two conservative parties, PAN and PRI, in 2006 and 2012, expectations for AMLO and his regime, which was elected as the candidate of the MORENA party in 2018, were higher than ever. In particular, it can be said that the regime succeeded in coming to power by emphasising the disconnection from the neoliberal policies implemented by the previous regimes, but in the economic growth policy, it still showed a basis for adjusting and maintaining the existing policy stance rather than an exclusive break with neoliberalism. Against this backdrop, this study aims to examine the reasons why the infrastructure construction project promoted by the AMLO regime has caused social criticism and backlash in the actual process, despite the fact that it specifies the goal of overcoming spatial and social imbalances. This study argues that the emphasis on procedural legitimacy to blunt the backlash against the infrastructure projects actively promoted by the AMLO regime can be understood in the context of the re-establishment or readjustment of the state-market-society relationship, rather than an exclusive break with the previous neoliberal regime. In other words, it is understood as part of a 'spatial fix' to deepen capitalist accumulation as advocated by critical spatial geographers. This study is a preliminary study that aims to overcome the limitations of domestic research on Mexico that has been mainly dealt with in the political, economic, and cultural contexts, and to contribute to the spatial and social discussions. Therefore, it is of academic significance in that it introduces the theoretical discussions of critical geographers who can understand capitalist accumulation and unbalanced land development and applies them to the case of Mexico.