Исследование культурного слоя города Челябинска на территории Заречья

Abstract

In 2016 in the area across the river of the Chelyabinsk city the investigation was carried out of the territory of the Kaslinskaya street to south of the Ryabinin’s famous manor-house (first mentioned in 1885). According to the results of the excavations, it was established that the site under investigation was developed in the second half of the 19th and beginning of the 20th centuries, which confirms the fact that the outskirts of the Zarechye had not been developed at an earlier time.Comparative analysis of the materials with the data of other excavation sites of the cultural layer of Chelyabinsk allowed drawing some preliminary conclusions about the layout of the yard buildings, charting trends in the development of yard cellars in the of 18th – early 20th centuries.In the 18th – first half of the 19th centuries yard cellars were localized in the backyard, behind residential buildings, in close proximity to them. This period is characterized by larger parameters of cellars and glaciers, represented by depressions with logs lowered in them. Yard cellars of the second half of the 19th – the beginning of the 20th century are somewhat reduced in size, they can be found far from the house and be made of lining boards and bricks. Reduction of the size of cellars at the turn of the 19th – 20th centuries, can probably be attributed to the spread of homes on the foundation with an extensive underground, when the yard cellars become optional to store food.