고압나트륨등 조사가 파프리카의 동적 생장과 건물분배율에 미치는 영향

Abstract

본 연구의 목적은 고압나트륨등 광원(HPS)을 조사하여 파프리카의 동적생장과 기관별 건물분배율 및 광이용효율에 미치는 효과를 구명하고자 수행하였다. 파프리카 육묘는 2010년 9월 29일에 <TEX>$m^2$</TEX>당 3.75주를 정식하여 2010년 12월 14일부터 HPS 광원을 실험종료일까지 하루 16시간 조사하였다. HPS 처리는 엽수를 증가시켰으나, 절간수와 엽면적에는 미비한 영향을 미쳤다. HPS 처리구의 초장은 대조구에 비해 짧았으나, 줄기당 착과수의 증가를 나타냈다. 줄기와 과실 및 총건물중은 HPS 처리구가 대조구보다 각각 28.5%, 97.1%, 67.8%를 증가시켰다. 총 건물중의 증가율 대비 엽과 줄기 생장율을 비율로 나타낸 각 기관의 건물분배율은 생육초기에 45-47%로 동일하다가 과실의 생장이 시작되는 시점에서 급격히 감소하였다. 영양생장기관으로의 건물분배율은 대조구에서 HPS 처리구보다 4% 높았다. 과실로의 평균 건물 분배율을 HPS 처리구에서 대조구에 비해 14.2% 증가하였다. 동적생장량은 지수선형함수의 최대상대생장율, 최대 절대생장율 및 손실일수로 잘 묘사할 수 있었다. 대조구에 비해 처리구의 엽의 최대절대생장율은 18.6%, 줄기는 74.7%, 과실은 143.5%가 증가하는 것으로 추정되었다. 총 건물중에 대한 광이용효율(LUE)은 HPS 처리구에서 <TEX>$4.90g{\cdot}MJ^{-1}$</TEX>로 대조구의 <TEX>$3.84g{\cdot}MJ^{-1}$</TEX> 높았으며, 영양생장기관의 LUE는 HPS 처리구가 <TEX>$1.56g{\cdot}MJ^{-1}$</TEX>로 대조구의 <TEX>$1.61g{\cdot}MJ^{-1}$</TEX>보다 약간 낮았으며, 과실 생산에 대한 LUE는 처리구가 <TEX>$3.34g{\cdot}MJ^{-1}$</TEX>로 대조구 <TEX>$2.23g{\cdot}MJ^{-1}$</TEX>보다 49.8% 증가하였다. 처리간 총 건물중의 LUE의 차이는 HPS 처리구의 과실생산에 대한 LUE가 높았기 때문에 발생되었다. The objective of this study was to describe and analyze the effect of high pressure sodium lamp lighting (HPS) on dynamics of growth and dry matter partitioning, and light use efficiency of sweet pepper crop grown over winter season. Young sweet pepper seedlings were planted at 3.75 plants per <TEX>$m^2$</TEX> on September 29, 2010 and treated with HPS for 16 hours from December 14, 2010 until March 18, 2011. The number of leaves per plant were significantly increased with HPS, whereas the number of internodes and leaf area were less affected. HPS reduced the plant height with higher number of fruits per stem compared to those of without HPS lighting (CON). There were large differences in total dry mass production, stem and fruit dry mass between HPS and CON and those with HPS increased by 67.8%, 28.5%, and 97.1% compared to CON, respectively. Each organs of dry mass partitioning was calculated by leaf, stem or fruit growth rate divided by total plant growth rate. Dynamics of dry mass partitioning to leaf and stem between HPC and CON was measured in range of 45-47% at beginning of growth phase and drastically decreased after starting fruit growth in both treatments. Dry matter partitioning to vegetative organs was 4% higher compared to the plant grown under HPS lighting. Averaged dry matter partitioning to fruit with HPS, however, was largely increased by 14.2% compared to CON. Dynamics of the plant growth were well described by expolinear growth equation with three parameters of maximum relative growth rate, absolute growth rate and lost time to reach linear phase. The maximum growth rate of leaf, stem and fruit with HPS was increased by 18.6%, 74.7%, and 143.5% compared to CON. There was a linear relationship between intercepted light integral and vegetative organs (leaf and stem), fruit or total dry mass production. Light use efficiency (LUE, <TEX>$g{\cdot}MJ^{-1}$</TEX>) of total dry mass was <TEX>$4.90g{\cdot}MJ^{-1}$</TEX> for HPS and <TEX>$3.84g{\cdot}MJ^{-1}$</TEX> for CON, LUE of vegetative organs was <TEX>$1.56g{\cdot}MJ^{-1}$</TEX> for HPS and <TEX>$1.61g{\cdot}MJ^{-1}$</TEX> for CON and LUE of fruit dry mass was <TEX>$3.34g{\cdot}MJ^{-1}$</TEX> for HPS and <TEX>$2.23g{\cdot}MJ^{-1}$</TEX> for CON. The difference in LUE of total dry mass between treatments, therefore, occurred mainly from the different in LUE of fruit dry mass.