МЕХАНИЧЕСКАЯ АНИЗОТРОПИЯ СУГЛИНИСТОЙ ПОЧВЫ ПРИ РАЗНЫХ ТИПАХ НАГРУЖЕНИЯ

Abstract

The results of the study of the mechanical properties of the soil, relevant from the point of view of the effective use of slatted rollers, are given in the article. It has been established that the most important technological property of the soil is its anisotropy. As a result, the limiting stresses sufficient for the destruction of the soil differ by 6-10 times with different methods of impact on it. The minimum is the tensile strength and the ultimate bending strength of the soil derived from it. It is the most important way of influencing the arable layer, since it provides the minimum energy intensity of soil crumbling. In particular, the slatted roller destroys soil clods by the combined action of bending and compression. In this regard, a study was made of loamy soil of different moisture content for its resistance to bending and crumbling. It has been established that the strength of the soil increases with a decrease in its moisture content. At the same time, the minimum limiting stress is typical for a moisture content of 20-23%. With a further increase in moisture, the strength of the soil again slightly increases. In general, the dependence of soil strength on moisture both in bending and in compression is described by a quadratic equation. To determine the magnitude of the bending stress, a new version of the calculation of the moment of resistance to bending of a rectangular section of the sample is proposed, taking into account the anisotropy of the soil. Instead of the middle layer, the surface (upper) layer was used as a “neutral” layer. This is due to the fact that with the existing difference in the tensile and compression strength of the soil, the upper layer practically does not deform until the destruction of the lower layer. As a result, it is advisable in the calculation to take the cross section as a composite one, shifted from its geometric axis by half the height.