Принципи лікування жінок з доброякісними захворюваннями молочної залози

Abstract

ResumeIntroduction. Breast diseases occupy a leading place in the structure of pathologyof the female reproductive system. According to statistics, fibrocystic mastopathy isdiagnosed in 50-60% of women. Pain and other manifestations of mastopathy impair thequality of life of patients and, last but not least, increase the risk of breast cancer.The purpose of the work is a retrospective analysis of the results of treatment ofpatients with benign breast diseases in the Thoracic surgery clinic of the NationalMilitary Medical Clinical Center «Main Military Clinical Hospital».Materials and methods. The treatment of 768 patients with benign breast diseaseswas analysed. The scope of the required examination has been determined. The maingroups by the method of treatment are considered: surgical (234 women), medical(379 women), dynamic observation (125 women). A group of patients (30 women), whoalso had similar complaints but need examination and treatment for other chest diseaseshas also been identified.Results and discussion. It was determined that the group with breast neoplasmsrecovered in all cases. The indications for surgical treatment of benign tumors andcysts, as well as, separately, intraductal papilloma, have been clarified and consideredonce again. In the second group, most women showed improvement after therapy.Unfortunately, there is no single algorithm for treating patients with dyshormonalmanifestations. Therefore, treatment should be comprehensive (including changes inwork, rest, sleep, nutrition, underwear), gradual (from simple to complex), objective andshould be based on survey data, very balanced, especially when using hormone therapy,which has a large number of side effects and complications.Conclusions. Breast cancer occupies a leading position among the malignantpathology of the female population, so doctors should be vigilant, and women should besubject of dispensary and preventive examination. Benign diseases of the mammaryglands are a complex, multifactorial problem and its solution should be started fromestablishing the cause and only then – prescribing treatment.