ТРАНСПОРТ ЯПОНИИ В ОКЕАНЕ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИХ И ПРИРОДНЫХ ПОТРЯСЕНИЙ

Abstract

Based on the experience of the “lost decade” Japan emerged from the world economic crisis of 2008–2009 faster, compared to other developed countries. However full-scale anti-crisis programs, presented in the real sector of the economy mainly by the projects in transport infrastructure, inevitably put a heavy burden on the country’s budget. Since 2010, the Japanese economy has shown some signs of recovery, though the Great Japanese Earthquake of 2011 caused huge damage to the entire Japanese economy and transport in the Tohoku region. It entailed significant costs for the restoration of transport system. Since 1990, the share of transport in GDP and the structure of goods transported by individual modes of transport have remained the same: Road and sea coastal transport played a major role in domestic transport communication, while sea transport played a major role in international transport system. The importance of rail transport in passenger transportation was preserved and its scale even increased. Transport fully met the needs of the economy and proved to be one of the means helping the economy out of the crisis. The ocean of economic and natural shocks that befell Japan made the inhabitants of that country take a new look at the prospects for the transport development. The new strategy for innovative development provides not so much an increase in speed, but rather the reliability, safety and environmental friendliness of transportation means. Implementation of the 4.0 revolution’s achievements presents an urgent need. The entire economy of the country, as well as its place in the world economy, to a large extent depends on the pace of transition to a new model of transportation.