КЛЮЧЕВЫЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ ПОЖИЛЫХ ЛЮДЕЙ В СОВРЕМЕННЫХ РОССИЙСКИХ УСЛОВИЯХ

Abstract

The article deals with the main problems of older people in the conditions of modern Russian reality. The relevance of the stated topic of scientific research is due to the increase in the proportion of older people in society. Advances in healthcare, an increase in the level and quality of life, an increase in life expectancy, and a decrease in the birth rate have led to a significant increase in the proportion of elderly people in the structure of society. With the help of comparative, sociological and statistical methods, the current position of older people in society, their main problems, standard of living and well-being were analyzed. It has been determined that elderly citizens, as a specific socio-demographic group, are characterized by their psychological characteristics, the presence of certain problems, different levels of health, education and a wide variety of interests. The main problems, as a rule, inherent in this category of the population are singled out: deterioration in health, mental and emotional state, loneliness, low standard of living and well-being. The level and quality of life of the older generation is also important in shaping their physical well-being and mental state. According to the Natixis study, the Russian Federation ranks 38th out of 44, which is one of the last in the ranking of the well-being of older people. Therefore, one of the most important problems in the life of Russian pensioners is the low level of material support. For most older people, pensions are the main source of income. The size of state pensions is insufficient to pay for the growing costs of medicines, food, housing and communal services. Good health is a priority in a person's life, but in old age, health deteriorates significantly, which leads to the emergence of medical and social problems. According to statistics, as a result of examination, each aged person has from 3 to 8 chronic diseases, as well as the presence of such body disorders that lead to disability. Cardiovascular disease, respiratory system disease, vision problems, amnesia, diabetes are the most common ailments in older people.